The Federal Open Market Committee meets today and will keep the Fed Funds Rate unchanged at 5.250%. It is not what the Fed does, however, that should concern Americans. It’s what the Fed says.
First, a clarification. The Fed Funds Rate is directly tied to Prime rate which impacts lines of credit for businesses and homeowners. Ben Bernanke & Co. do not control mortgage interest rates which are determined by the mortgage-backed securities markets. This is another conversation for another time.
When the Fed adjourns this afternoon, it will issue a press release in which it will discuss the economy and inflation. The statement — not the interest rate — is the news worth watching because inflation can unravel markets and push mortgage rates back to their highest levels of the year.
The chain of events is pretty logical:
- If inflation is growing at a faster clip than the Fed wants, it will tell the markets
- If it tells the markets, markets will know that the United States Federal Reserve expects the dollar to lose value over time
- If the U.S. dollar is expected to lose value over time, the U.S. dollar will be “worth less” to foreign nations
- If the U.S. dollar is “worth less” to foreign nations, foreign nations will buy fewer U.S.-denominated securities because the relative returns will be less, too
- If foreign nations buy fewer U.S.-denominated securities because the relative returns is less, the demand for mortgage-backed bonds will drop
- If the demand for mortgage-backed bonds drop, the price of mortgage-backed bonds will drop
- If the price of mortgage-backed bonds drops, the yield of mortgage-backed bonds will increase
- If the yield of mortgage-backed bonds increases, then mortgage rates go up for Americans
It’s a long road to get to the conclusion, but this is the manner in which the Fed impacts real estate and mortgage lending. So when your local daily shows the headline “Fed Leaves Rates Unchanged”, don’t think the coast is clear. Read the article and dig a little deeper — it’s not what they did, it’s what they said.