Wachovia board members have forced CEO Ken Thompson to retire and Realtors should be popping champagne corks all over the nation. Why? Because Wachovia is the final reckoning of the Gang of Three and this may very well signal the bottom of the market. Disclaimer #1: I usually write posts and comments backed by statistics. Barry Cunningham will attest to that. But this post is going to be more along the lines of a common sense case study; a thought experiment.
The Gang of Three
When the press first started reporting on the “sub-prime” crisis (a misnomer in itself, but we’ll save that for another day), a number of us were pointing out the real problems and what was to come. There were three lenders to worry about and Countrywide, by virtue of its size more than any particular wrong doing, was used as the example. In my weekly speeches to Realtors, I began to refer to them as The Gang of Three: Countrywide, WaMu and Wachovia. The initial problems at Countrywide can be seen as far back as May of last year. The set-asides at Countrywide were woefully inadequate, in my opinion, and that seems to have been borne out. WaMu went down the exact same path and now, finally, we see Wachovia doubling the losses they originally forecast. Why are these three lenders leading the Lemming parade off the financial cliff? What do all three lenders have in common? (Hint: it’s not sub-prime loans.) The common thread here is Negative Amortization Loans (cue ominous music). Disclaimer #2: I am on record as being VERY against Neg-Ams (I have never written one for a single client). Do they have a purpose? Yes. A few of my colleagues have used them effectively. But I would venture to guess 75% of the neg-am loans produced were at least a by-product of greed if not out right theft on the part of the originator.
There is not space here to go into why these loans are, generally speaking, so abused and that is not the point of this post. The point is that these are the big three originators of neg-ams (Countrywide, WaMu and Wachovia through their very questionable puchase of Golden West Financial) and all three have been crushed. Back in August of 2007 I called the neg-am accounting debacle an iceberg that no one was seeing. I propose to you that all three have now hit that iceberg. Countrywide was driven to virtual bankruptcy, WaMu had to close down most of their wholesale lending and now Wachovia is going through the wringer.
The Problem (and Solution) IS the Press
So now we read and we watch as Wachovia cuts off its own head while they report staggering losses. The press still refers to this as fall-out from the sub-prime crisis that spilled over into the general real estate market. Typical of our sound byte society is the lazy, sound byte reporting that we still get. No mention of neg-ams or accounting problems or the common thread between these three lenders. Disclaimer #3: Please note the lack of any statistics to back these statement. Again, this is an hypothesis; albeit, one which I believe to be pretty damn sound. If you would like to do the research I will gladly share the credit.
So why is this good news for real estate? Because the very same investigative laziness that led to the outlandish headlines we have seen over the past 3 quarters and that contributed greatly to the exacerbation of the housing problems will now work in our favor. We are already talking about the press as a vaccine in San Diego. The problems weren’t as big as the press made them out to be and that hurt the market. Going forward the problems may very well be bigger than we have experienced thus far (it is estimated that the foreclosure peak will actually not occur until 2010 or 2011) but the press will have grown tired of the story long before. As a matter of fact, I am suggesting that Wachovia is the last big shoe to drop. Once we are done throwing stones at Ken Thompson and shaming Wachovia for their losses, I predict the press will begin to move on to other stories more and more often.
Celebrate!
Once the press moves on, real problems or not, we will begin to see consumer confidence rise and the real estate market will begin to turn. It is already happening hear in San Diego. Real estate agents rejoice! With Wachovia doing the two-step, The Gang of Three has begun their final dance. Open your champagne, toast the local press and celebrate the bottom of a make believe market.
Genuine Chris Johnson says:
far be it for me to swing at a bloodhound, but countrywide’s problems were known in the industry for years.
the running joke was that 2006 would be the big reset year…as far back as 3 years ago.
June 3, 2008 — 10:38 am
Sean Purcell says:
Chris,
Swing away! That’s why I said “a number of us”.
I agree that Countrywide’s problems were known earlier than last year. I (and others) were simply calling the specific slide as Mizulo started doing corporate speak and “losing the car keys” right around the time of New Century’s “little” problems.
June 3, 2008 — 10:49 am
Chris Eliopoulos says:
“by-product of greed if not out right theft on the part of the originator”
The above is the MAIN REASON for the current market condition.This is the practice that created the “bubble”.
Every one is talking “sophisticated” “esoteric” “expert” talks and opinions,yet this is the main reason that we are re experiencing the 90s and early 80s.
As a rule when everyone wants to invest /get to real estate (or any other market) this is the time to get out.
Over the last 30 years, brokers (there is not such thing as a realtor),legislators,bankers,consumer groups you name it,have tried to step up and “solve the problem”, yet no one has figured out yet (and this is from the beginning of time,how to protect some one from its OWN GREED.
Besides what any one thinks, or what you are reading, times are good. As a matter of fact more money will be made now, than ever made in the “good times”.
From my experience, I can say that if one turns off the tv and radio,trashes the paper, becomes deaf to “experts”, (I’m yet to see one that was ever right)and focuses in the business, he/she will do great.There so many opportunities out there now,do not waste a moment looking for what is wrong (as always there is something),look for what is right and NOW the most important components – Price and Selection are right.
June 3, 2008 — 11:20 am
Sean Purcell says:
Chris,
…legislators,bankers,consumer groups… yet no one has figured out yet… how to protect some one from (their) OWN GREED
You’d think by now we would stop trying!
June 3, 2008 — 12:28 pm
Portland says:
That’s an interesting point about negative amortization loans as potentially being a greater issue than sub-prime. Anyone seen any stats on what percentage of loans were negative amortization?
Another question I have is whether any recovery could really solidify until after 2010/11 when the foreclosure peak passes. On the other hand, I do see that on a local basis we have dramatically different regional markets, so some markets will probably be recovering when others are just starting to really drop.
June 3, 2008 — 4:01 pm
Chris Eliopoulos says:
We should never quit trying,yet we have to be very careful
how we allocate our time,as is the greatest asset we have.
June 3, 2008 — 4:21 pm
Sean Purcell says:
Portland,
I do not have any stats on that. I do know that at the peak Countrywide (my bellwether) had 60% of their portfolio tied up in neg-ams! As I said at the time, I do not envy the V.P. in charge of risk managment trying to lay off all that exposure on a product that had never been executed in that volume.
I do think a recovery can solidify before the foreclosure peak, as foreclosures are actually a very small percentage of homes owned. Not to negate the damage of having all that inventory on the books, but the problem is usually one of confidence more than fact. Not to mention the idea that lenders might be a little more prepared for the next wave and mitigage some of the tidal effect.
June 3, 2008 — 7:10 pm
David Shafer says:
Oh Sean,
Now you have gone and done it; published the truth!
June 4, 2008 — 5:19 am
Sean Purcell says:
David,
Thanks, but the truth is being written by you over on Jeff’s EIUL post. GREAT investment advice.
June 4, 2008 — 8:02 am
Portland says:
Sean- Thanks for sharing. That blows my mind that Countrywide had 60% of their portfolio tied up in neg-ams. It seems so incredibly short sighted. It’s true that consumer confidence (and interest rates) drive the market, but that’s a lot of loans that need to be processed via refinancing or foreclosure and a lot of people that will lose some money before it’s all said and done.
June 4, 2008 — 12:06 pm
Jeanne Breault says:
I’m a little behind in my blog reading, but I wanted to share a few thoughts.
My husband (Ray Breault, A1A Mortgage) was a direct report to Ken Thompson at First Union in the late 80’s. Ken is one of the good guys. Admittedly this may color some of my thoughts. 🙂
While it’s easy to point fingers and lay blame at the feet of the “gang of three” for the current real estate market, mortgage industry and general economic conditions of the US, I’m not so sure the answer is that simple. To me the answer involves looking back on any number of parties to the real estate boom of 2002-2005. I blogged on it today so, lucky for you, I won’t belabor it here!
I completely agree that neg am loans are stupid and “decent” loan originators would never put a customer in a neg am loan. Unfortunately we all know some originators aren’t decent – they’re the ones you lose the deal to when you customer wants what they want!
What I would like to comment on here is whether it’s appropriaten to point the finger at Ken Thompson or any other individual banking or investment CEO.
I spent 10 years in banking from the mid 70’s to the mid 80’s…yes, I’m old! 🙁
Those were some pretty crazy years in banking that included S & L deregulation, and many of those earlier years were times of low interest rates and lots of mortgage lending. Interestingly banks, including the one I worked for, found themselves with neg am on their own books!*
Anyway, back to the point…bank CEOs are under tremendous pressure to perform, and part of the performance can’t always be delivered in ways that the CEO himself believes to be smart. Ken Thompson had a number of people to please. Among them were employees, the board, the industry analysts, the stockholders, etc. Forgetting the employees for a minute (unless you think they deserve part of the blame), the board, analysts and stockholders (which I will call “the group”) all want one thing…bigger numbers – of the good kind of course!
You can bet your bottom dollar (no pun intended) that “the group” all saw “the other guys” doing it and put pressure on Ken to deliver those kind of numbers. Where were they coming from? Well, we all know the answer…
So while Ken and his senior management team (some of whom I’m sure were unhappy campers since the acquisition of Wachovia by First Union – yes, that’s right even though the name is Wachovia) worked to produce the results “the group” wanted, “the group” was probably communicating in characeristic style that it wasn’t happening fast enough.
So, what’s the fastest way to get into an ancillary line of business and begin to reap the profits? Why, buy a company that’s already in that line of business, of course – in this case Golden West.
I’ll bet that made “the group” happy because now they would be part of the subprime, big money-making game. *(In the 80s it was credit cards, so I guess we don’t learn…oh well!)
So…if WaMu, Countrywide, Merrill Lynch and Citigroup all begin to report big losses in the subprime industry, wouldn’t it make sense that every other subprime player has those same losses?
I can’t help but stick up for a good guy in an industry that’s as troubled as the real estate industry is. (And banks are proposing to get into real estate? Give me a break!)
While the buck does stops with the CEO, an awful lot of people have a hand in passing it to him or her. And unless fraud or outright stupidity is involved, It’s impossible for me to blame Ken Thompson, or any CEO, alone in this kind of debacle.
There, I feel better now!
June 5, 2008 — 12:28 pm
Sean Purcell says:
Jeanne,
Thank you for the thoughtful response. I also read your post and it is very enjoyable… of course, it helps that I agree with you 🙂 . (If you didn’t click on here name, read the post by clicking here).
I also agree with you here and just to clarify: I do not know Ken Thompson nor do I blame him for the current credit mess. I don’t even blame Wachovia. My point was that the press reports and the public believes so I am thankful that the third and final shoe has dropped.
Now if we were to play the blame game there is, as you said, plenty to go around. The borrowers, as you pointed out, are not getting near their due. But Mr. Thompson can surely take some heat for the purchase of Golden West. Many on the board were not happy with that strategy and I don’t blame them.
Why in the world are the few banks that stayed out of trouble (e.g. B of A and Wachovia) buying these huge problems? No matter the discount. When Wachovia completed that purchase I was shocked for the very reasons I laid out in the post. Is no one up there doing their due diligence. Am I missing something? The books are cooked on these “products” and I think the staid, conservative banks are way out of their element when evaluating the portfolio values.
If, however, you really want to dive into the blame game, I will direct you to the #1 culprit and proximate cause of so much of the current problem. Actors whose lack of diligence and professionialism deserves the lion’s share of the blame and yet they are getting a free pass! I am talking, of course, about the rating agencies. S&P, Moody’s and so forth. How are they not getting raked over the coals? Maybe because they are in the pocket of the very funds they rate? Don’t want to rock the boat too much for fear of drowing the golden goose I guess.
June 5, 2008 — 1:21 pm
Jeanne Breault says:
Sean,
Thanks for commenting back.
I can’t answer the ratings question…I have no idea…but it is certainly a good question! Since the fat lady hasn’t sung yet, maybe they won’t escape completely unscathed! And I’m not sure there’s a golden goose you need to worry about drowning anymore!
I just posted another short one about an industry group that wants to make sure they’re not blamed in any way…check it out here. 🙂
June 5, 2008 — 3:13 pm